The fastest land animal in America, the pronghorn was once one of 12 species that roamed America's grasslands: all others are now extinct. This includes one other member of its genus, Antilocapra, as well as all the species from three other related genera (Capromeryx, Tetrameryx, and Stockoceros). The living pronghorn's range extends from the Canadian prairie through the Western U.S to Mexico.

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Pronghorn have four subspecies, the Sonoran, Mexican, American, Oregon, and the Baja California pronghorn, which is critically endangered.

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Grasses, shrubs, herbaceous plants, and cacti are all common parts of the pronghorn's diet.

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Throughout most of the year, pronghorn females from groups called harems, young males form bachelor groups, and adult males live on their own. In Winter, however, pronghorn of both sexes from groups together. Pronghorn are sexually mature 15-16 months after birth.

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Pronghorn young are vulnerable to predation by golden eagles, but pronghorn of all ages are preyed upon by coyotes, cougars, bobcats, grizzly bears, wolves, and are likely preyed on by jaguars.

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The pronghorn can run up to 200 miles per hour, an impressive, but unnecessary speed considering none of its predators can run even close to as fast. It is considered likely that it evolved the ability to run so fast to escape the American cheetah (Miracinonyx sp.) – two extinct species of big cats that were actually much more related to cougars than cheetahs but whose body plans were similar to cheetahs due to convergent evolution – which would make it an example of an evolutionary anachronism.